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CableCARD is dead

December 7th, 2009 jesse No comments

An interesting article in ARS technica summarizing the FCC’s recent request notice for set top box innovation.

cablecardI have some experience here. While at Comcast I oversaw certification and evaluation of all network devices, including next-gen set top boxes like the DOCSIS STB, which uses IP as a control channel instead of the proprietary Moto & Scientific Atlanta back-channel protocols. IP provides the foundation for interactive middleware. Add a CPU and hard drive (DVR) and you have the makings of a real media center.

My company tried (and failed) to introduce a new middleware stack for just such cable boxes. After much effort and burned cash my company learned a few things the hard way:

  • Cable companies are like the post office: they deliver someone else’s material and collect a fee for the service.
  • Cable technology (especially STBs) are designed to protect content first, distribute it second, and make it convenient to watch third.
  • Adding features to a set top box is like adding features to an airplane – the testing and certification requirements alone make it nearly impossible to inovate.

In summary:

If the FCC really wants to crack this nut, and foster innovation in media distribution and consumption, the platform is not relevant. Instead, they must focus on satisfying content protection requirements. Until they satisfy the content owners, innovation in distirbution and consumption is neither relevant nor possible.

Links >

The Future of the Set Top Box

August 6th, 2007 jesse No comments

The future of television will be heavily influenced by today’s broadband consumer. Today’s Internet experience, with interactive applications and very rich content, plus the blending of voice (Skype, Vonage) and video (YouTube, Video On Demand) serves as the baseline for tomorrow’s digital television expectation.

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Already, more than 60% of broadband consumers want to experience their own pictures, movies and music on a home AV system. Many products are positioning to meet this demand, some directly, some tangentially, many incompletely.

Gaming systems take an early lead

Consider that Xbox360 allows users to download and watch media from XboxLive, and with add on componets gaming enthusiasts can watch HDDVD movies. Not wanting to be left behind, Sony’s PS3 will support a digital TV tuner in 2008. Overshadowing all of this, Microsoft-based media center PCs, despite their un-inspiring interface and form-factor, continue to sell.

Set Top is better positioned

Right now, the greatest opportunity to successfully capture broadband consumer expectations and demand for interactive television (and, of course, associated TV commerce and advertising revenue) lies with the promise of an advanced set top box (STB). I believe this for a number of reasons, most importantly being scale and convenience. The cable set top box market places tens of millions of broadband devices in consumers consumers living rooms, connected to their AV stack and high-definition television. What other systems struggle against and spend tremendous sums overcoming the set top box already has: consumer training and expectation of placement and use.

No clear winner

Nevertheless, future STBs have a long way to go to meet their promise. It’s also uncertain that they will win the race. It’s difficult to envision how present and planned OCAP-based systems will offer any significant feature advantages over last year’s Motorola and Scientific Atlanta HD-DVRs.

AdvancedTVFeatures

Today, when broadband consumers watch TV their wishes for interactivity and content must be suspended with the power button. Features and services that enhance their TV-watching experience, such as high-definition, TV recording and trick-play (pause, FF, Rewind) are available on systems today for $12.99 per month.

Demand for interactivity

However, there exists huge pent-up demand for real-time information and PC-based digital media in the living room. Going forward, content producers and product managers must prepare the blending of broadcase television with commerce, personalization and the integration of online services, such as Ebay auctions, Amazon shopping, OpenTable reservations, Google calendars and Wikipedia references; all will find wider acceptance and expectation among broadband, high-definition consumers. The set top must, and will eventually transforme into a home media center platform.

US Households with media servers

The market for set-top boxes is poised for steady growth through the end of the decade, a new report said, as service upgrades and new technology drive the pay-TV audience to new levels. According to a new study from ABI Research, three main factors will propel the STB market in the next few years: advanced features, interactivity offered by hybrid boxes, and the uncertain development of a retail set-top market.

Accelerating sales of HDTV sets and the popularity of PVR functions are igniting customer demand for set-tops that support the advanced features. The trend will create a temporary market for upgraded boxes. However, beginning in 2010 many existing customers will have completed their upgrades, and demand will begin to decline.

FCC creating a retail market?

As of July 1, 2007, the US Federal Communications Commission mandate, requiring that cable operators must support CableCard or downloadable security (DCAS) mechanisms. Coupled with Cable’s desire to get out of the billion dollar STB leasing business, may lead to the development of a legitimate retail environment for third party set top boxes.

Watch the CableLabs certification rounds for interesting news on this front.

References

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Middleware and Interactive Television

August 2nd, 2007 jesse No comments

One class of common, current commercial workloads are 3-tier systems.

Tier 1 typically consists of “thin-clients” such as a web browsers or dumb-ish terminals. These connects to Tier 2, which is a web server with dynamic content incorporating business logic and presentation software. Lastly, Tier 3 is usually a database, LDAP server or other information “engine”.

Tier 2, the “Middleware” is software that runs on content servers and within the operating systems and provides a consistent authoring environment for content and application developers.

Web Applications

Today AJAX and Web 2.0 are very popular. This class of web-enables, browser-based applications are developed and deployed with middleware packages including Sun J2EE, Websphere, Weblogic, Oracle Fusion, Redhat JBOSS, Microsoft .NET, and Linux+Apache+MySQL+PHP (LAMP).

middleware

Embedded Devices

Most set top boxes can be divided into two classifications, thin clients and thick clients. Respective examples include the Motorola and SA 2000 series or the Motorola DCT 5xxx and SA 8xxx as well as the emerging home media center products.

Screenshot

For embedded applications, the solution space is less diverse and heavily depends upon the platform. For example, application developers for mobile phones rely upon the manufacturer provided operating system and APIs (middleware). Set top boxes rely upon standard Java-based middleware stacks like OCAP and MHP, while IPTV set tops typically are home-grown (running CELinux) or use the Microsoft TV solution.

Most of the major players in the middleware market are now trying to cover the end-to-end solution as well, providing authoring, head end products, and middleware.

Alticast

Alticast builds end to end interactive digital television systems with significant Asian deployment.

Canal Plus / Mediahighway

Designed for next generation digital set top boxes and deployed in Europe.

Espial

Offers a suite of OS-independent (Java) applications for set-top boxes; support MHP & OCAP.

MicrosoftTV

This is the foundation for WebTV. Microsoft has been trying to take on conditional access and create an end to end solution for IPTV and cable companies with head end CA and a windows CE based set top boxes.

NDS

NDS provides conditional access and interactive television software. It has broad deployment in Latin America, Asia, and in Europe on the SkyTV system.

OpenTV

The OpenTV software is based on the old Spyglass Inc. Mosaic web browser. It is a proprietary environment based on the C programming language, and is widely deployed in Europe.

PowerTV

PowerTV is a Scientific-Atlanta subsidiary and is installed in millions of set-top boxes worldwide. PowerTV’s OS includes a middleware layer with a C programming environment for developers.

References

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Major Issues Facing the Cable Industry Today

August 1st, 2007 jesse No comments

Business Services

Business Services represent a significant revenue opportunity for cable operators. CableLabs has published a number of specifications (T1/E1 Emulation and Layer-2 VPN for DOCSIS) as well as issued an RFP for multi-line PacketCable MTAs.

fiber

Layer 2 emulation over cable sounds like a mess. What Cable really needs is a DOCSIS CPE device that speaks QOS. That, of course, means PacketCable.

PacketCable 2.0 – 3GPP/IMS

PacketCable 2.0 is the industry’s service architecture for IP quality of services over DOCSIS. It’s reasonably well defined yet deployments vary. The hope is that PacketCable will support extension of DSCP/MPLS-based quality of service in the network core all the way to CPE and enable creation and management of new features and application services. (Think VoIP, circuit emulation, VPN, etc.)

OCAP

On July 1 the FCC mandate came into effect for set top integration. This means conditional access systems must be separated from the hardware. The two solutions available are downloadable conditional access (DCAS) and CableCard. Additionally, functionality can no longer be ‘baked into’ the system, and so Cable is beginning to deploy OCAP-based software plumbing.

Switched Digital Video Architectures

Cable operators have been deploying video-on-demand (VoD) systems for several years and are beginning to trial switched digital video (SDV, or a.k.a. switched digital broadcast – SDB) systems. Session based video services delivered as unicast VoD or multicast switched digital video share some common core architectural components. However, networks supporting unicast and multicast services are dramatically different. A challenge for the future is how these two uniquely delivered services will be integrated.

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Broadband Cable for Business ?

August 1st, 2007 jesse No comments

 

One of the most promising untapped markets for Cable is high-speed data for business; specifically small and medium enterprise.

cat 5e cable pic

HSD for SME represents a huge extension of an already exploding broadband market space. It’s frustrating that Cable has so badly botched it’s execution.

Amazingly, ten years after the Internet boom started, most of the huge demand for broadband IP from small and medium enterprise remains under served by incumbent carriers or the occasional CLEC over leased private lines.

Even more amazing is how wrongly Cable read the tea leaves. During the go-go late 90′s Cable pumped hundreds of millions into building CLECs, thinking that’s what businesses wanted. By comparison, 10′s of millions went into cable modem research and CMTS deployments for residential broadband. The result: How many cable-owned CLECs can you name today? A sad bit of trivia is that most of that Cable-CLEC gear still sits, de-energized and lonely, gathering dust in head ends around the country.

Several companies tried to serve businesses with the high speed data. BBO leased fiber to glass towers. Covad runs new fiber in building riser space. Both were crushed by the economics of licensing and construction. BBO is long forgotten while Covad now resells DSL and T1s.

What were they missing? Easy: An invitation.

Cable has the missing critical ingredient that Covad and their ilk lack, which is that real estate owners demand, and often pay for their cables to be installed and distributed throughout buildings. Tenants expect it, and you can’t often lease a suite without power, telephone and a video hookup.

However, those same cables can support between 500MHz and 1.2GHz of spectrum, and are capable of delivering multi-service broadband within the building at gigabit speeds.

Ultra-high speed, converged business services are entirely technically feasible, and the economics work. So why do most offices still rely on channelized T1s for voice and data? (!)

It turns out that Cable’s biggest, and to date unmet challenge in providing converged high speed data to small to medium businesses is overcoming the bad mixed drink of ambition.

Cable believes they must supply the whole offering: PBX voice, high speed data and video in the lobby, again mis-reading what business customers want. To supply the enterprise, Cable needs entirely new provisioning, billing, management and deployment infrastructure, in addition to non-extant CPE, all of which takes lots of time, money and training to figure out.

However, focusing on the easy and feasible part now (high-speed data) and letting the other services work themselves out in due time would/could capture significant SME market share.

Keep it simple. We could only wish.

Jesse

News Excerpt

Business services is heating up as a topic of significant interest for cable. Some operators such as Cox and Cablevision have been in the business services space for several years, and more are now dipping their toes into this potentially very profitable ocean.

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